A household randomized, controlled trial of the efficacy of 0.03% transfluthrin coils alone and in combination with long-lasting insecticidal nets on... (Publications)
evidence that burning mosquito coils prevents malaria acquisition. Therefore, the current trial was designed to measure and compare prevention of malaria infection by mosquito coils or long-lasting in [...] members that regularly slept away from home. The main outcome of interest was Plasmodium falciparum malaria prevalence detected by rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) during six repeated monthly cross-sectional [...] This is the first robust clinical evaluation of transfluthrin mosquito coils as a...
Community-owned resource persons for malaria vector control: enabling factors and challenges in an operational programme in Dar es Salaam, United... (Publications)
remains complex and poorly understood. The Urban Malaria Control Program (UMCP) in Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania, implements larval control of malaria vector mosquitoes. The UMCP delegates resp
Seasonally dependent relationships between Indicators of malaria transmission and disease provided by mathematical model simulations (Publications)
levels of malaria transmission, patterns of seasonality and access to treatment were run with an ensemble of models of malaria epidemiology and within-host dynamics, as part of the OpenMalaria modeling [...] relationships between malaria indicators allowing more easily measured data, such as routine health systems data on case incidence, to be translated into measures of transmission and other malaria indicators. [...] previously published data on these same indicators as observed in malaria...
Investigating mosquito net durability for malaria control in Tanzania - attrition, bioefficacy, chemistry, degradation and insecticide resistance... (Publications)
(LLINs) are one of the major malaria vector control tools, with most countries adopting free or subsidised universal coverage campaigns of populations at-risk from malaria. It is essential to understand [...] data sets to provide GIS maps for use in health surveillance and decision making by the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP). DISCUSSION: The data will be of importance to policy makers and vector control [...] for the maintenance of high and cost-effective coverage and to maximise...
The exit interview as a proxy measure of malaria case management practice: sensitivity and specificity relative to direct observation (Publications)
sensitivity and specificity of exit interviews as a measure of malaria case management practice as compared to direct observation.MethodsThe malaria case management of 1654 febrile patients attending 110 health [...] specificity from 70.6% to 98.1%.ConclusionThe exit interview appears to be a valid measure of objective malaria case management practices such as the completion of a diagnostic test or the provision of antimalarial [...] but may be a less valid measure of low frequency, subjective...
A methodological framework for the improved use of routine health system data to evaluate national malaria control programs: evidence from Zambia (Publications)
coverage is associated with decreased malaria morbidity and use of health services for malaria illness in Zambia. These methods and results are broadly relevant for malaria program evaluations currently ongoing [...] in areas of lower malaria burden. CONCLUSIONS: When improved through comprehensive parasitologically confirmed case reporting, HMIS data can become a valuable tool for evaluating malaria program scale-up [...] health management information systems (HMIS) have rarely been used for...
How effective is integrated vector management against malaria and lymphatic filariasis where the diseases are transmitted by the same vector? (Publications)
decrease at a slower rate than malaria, even at high levels of coverage. If representative of field situations, integrated management should take into account not only how malaria control can facilitate filariasis [...] integrate vector management across multiple vector-borne diseases is particularly plausible for malaria and lymphatic filariasis (LF) control where both diseases are transmitted by the same vector. To [...] examples of integrated control targeting these diseases have been...
Malaria case management in Papua New Guinea following the introduction of a revised treatment protocol (Publications)
fever or suspected malaria patients and via an interviewer administered questionnaire completed with the officer in charge of each participating health care facility. RESULTS: Malaria rapid diagnostic tests [...] 445) were tested for malaria by RDT and 39% prescribed an anti-malarial, inclusive of 98.2% of RDT positive patients and 19.8% of RDT negative cases. The availability and use of malaria RDTs was greater in [...] CONCLUSIONS: PNG has achieved high coverage of malaria RDTs and AL at the...
Naturally acquired immune responses to <em>P. vivax</em> merozoite surface protein 3alpha and merozoite surface protein 9 are associated with reduced... (Publications)
is the most geographically widespread human malaria parasite. Cohort studies in Papua New Guinea have identified a rapid onset of immunity against vivax-malaria in children living in highly endemic areas [...] and Merozoite Surface Protein 9 (PvMSP9) were measured and related to prospective risk of P. vivax malaria during 16 months of active follow-up. Overall, there was a low prevalence of antibodies to PvMSP3alpha [...] PvMSP9 N-terminus (aIRR = 0.68, p = 0.035) were associated with protection...
Seeking treatment for symptomatic malaria in Papua New Guinea (Publications)
reported suffering from malaria in the previous four weeks. A probit model was then used to identify the factors determining whether or not people sought treatment for presumptive malaria. Multinomial logit [...] BACKGROUND: Malaria places a significant burden on the limited resources of many low income countries. Knowing more about why and where people seek treatment will enable policy makers to better allocate [...] resources. This study aims to better understand what influences...